The Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) has been a staple of Canadian personal finance since 1957.
Introduced by the government to incentivize Canadians to proactively save for retirement, an RRSP is a registered investment account that offers tax advantages to help maximize your returns for when you’re eventually ready to leave the workplace and hang up the metaphorical gloves for good. To add icing to the cake, RRSPs can also help you fund financial milestones before retirement, like buying a new home or advancing your professional education.
RRSPs can hold various types of investments – from savings accounts to stocks – and we’ve broken down the top RRSP accounts by category below.
Best RRSP Savings Account - EQ Bank Retirement Savings Plan
When it comes to the best RRSP for your money, our best bet (and reigning champion for the past 2 years) is the online-only EQ Bank.
EQ Bank’s Retirement Savings Plan Account leads the pack with the highest standard interest rate for 2022, giving you the most long-term bang for your buck when it comes to growing your money. Plus, it comes packed with other perks, including:
- CDIC insured, ensuring that your money is safe and protected by the Government of Canada
- No monthly fees
- Simple account linking for automated contributions
- Easy to use and no-hassle online portal
Best RRSP Online Brokerage Account -Questrade
One of Canada’s best online brokerages, and Ratehub's choice for the best online brokerage for its second year, Questrade is an excellent option for investor who want to buy and sell individual equities on their own to maximize their RRSP returns. Questrade has been a popular choice among Canadians seeking an accessible and affordable trading platform. Here are some additional features you can expect with this online brokerage:
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- Exceptional customer service and experience on offerings, account opening, etc.
- Top of the line mobile and desktop experience
- Strong commitment to financial literacy and educating its customers
- Access to research tolls and stock screeners to stay on top of the market
- Both individual RRSP and Spousal RRSP account options are available
Best RRSP Robo Advisor - Wealthsimple
For three consecutive years, we’ve selected Wealthsimple Invest as our best robo advisor, and the reasons are quite clear.
Driven by a belief in passive, diversified investing, Wealthsimple Invest allows you to build a custom portfolio based on your risk preference while charging a low management fee. Here is what makes this robo advisor standout against its competitors:
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- No account minimums and low fees (0.5% for deposits up to $100,000 and 0.4% on anything above $100,000)
- Offering a variety of account types (TFSA, RRSP, RESP, LIRA, RRIF, Personal investment accounts, and more)
- Auto deposit and automated dividend reinvesting, allowing customers to earn more
- Innovative and easy-to-use mobile site and app
- Roster of financial experts for those moments when you just need a human to talk to
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What is a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP)?
A Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) is a government-approved account that offers tax incentives for Canadians saving or investing towards their future retirement.
There are two key benefits to investing in an RRSP:
- Contributions made towards an RRSP are eligible for a tax deduction, reducing the amount of tax a person will pay on their income which will result in a bigger refund come tax season (e.g. if you earn $80,000 but contributed $10,000 towards your RRSP in a given year, you would be taxed as if you earned $70,000)
- The investments you hold in an RRSP are tax-deferred, which means you’ll be taxed on your RRSP holdings only when you make a withdrawal. The idea being you’ll withdraw your RRSP in the future when you hit retirement and are in a lower tax bracket
RRSPs can be opened by any Canadian resident as soon as they start working, so they’re perfect for people who want to maximize their tax savings for retirement over the course of a lifetime. One thing to keep in mind, though, is that RRSPs have contribution limits. The RRSP contribution limit for 2023 is 18% of your pre-tax income or $30,780 (whichever is lower). The good news is that unused contribution room from previous years carries over.
If you want to reap all of the benefits of an RRSP in the same year, be aware of the RRSP contribution deadline for making contributions (March 1, 2023 for the contribution year of 2022). While the amount carries over each year, making contributions before the RRSP deadline will count for that year. Otherwise, tax deductions go towards the next year.
Many people tend to think that RRSPs are limited to cash savings, but that certainly isn’t your only option.
What is the best way to invest in an RRSP?
RRSPs can hold many different types of investments, including mutual funds, stocks and cash. The interest you earn depends on the type of RRSP account and how you select your investments.
As we showed above, you can have your investments in an RRSP be fully managed by an advisor, or you could choose a self-directed plan where you make your own investment choices, typically at a lower fee. Below are some types of investments you can hold in an RRSP:
- Bonds
- Equities
- Exchange-traded funds (ETFs)
- Foreign funds
- Guaranteed investment certificates (GICs)
- Mutual funds
- Stocks
Want a little more information? Check out Ratehub.ca’s RRSPs video below.
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Can you withdraw your RRSP early before retirement?
As its namesake clearly suggests, the Registered Retirement Savings Plan is primarily designed to encourage Canadians to save and invest towards their future retirement. Taking out funds from an RRSP before retirement means you’ll get hit with withholding tax (hovering between 10%-30% depending on how much you withdraw) and permanently losing your RRSP contribution room. The amount you withdraw from your RRSP must also be reported as taxable income, which means you could potentially be on the hook for more taxes depending on your income bracket.
The good news is you can access your RRSP funds early with no tax penalty under two government-approved programs:
- The Home Buyers’ Plan (HBP): You can withdraw up to $35,000 (or $70,000 for a couple) from your RRSP to put towards a first-time home purchase
- The Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP): You can withdraw $10,000 per year (up to a total maximum of $20,000) to put towards advanced education for you, your spouse, or your common-partner. This is exclusively for advanced adult education
In both these cases, you’ll only be “borrowing” funds from your RRSP and will be expected to recontribute the amount you withdrew over the course of several years. For instance, in the case of the Home Buyers’ Plan, you must pay back what you borrowed from your RRSP over the course of 15 years (roughly $2,333 per year if you borrow the maximum amount of $35,000).
If you need funds before retirement, you can consider investing in alternative registered accounts like a TFSA (which allows you to invest and withdraw funds tax-free with virtually no restrictions) or an RESP (a registered tax-advantage account for saving towards a child’s post-secondary education).
How much can I contribute to an RRSP?
An RRSP contribution limit is the total amount of money that a Canadian can contribute to an RRSP account in one year. The annual limit for 2023 is either 18% of your pre-tax income from the previous year or $30,780 whichever is less. It’s important to note though, any unused contribution room from your previous years carries forward.
You can find your own RRSP contribution limit (including carried-over amounts) by logging onto the Canada Revenue Agency website (CRA).